Statement from H.A.H. the Roman-Ruthenian Pope
on Just War Doctrine
16 March 2026
Recent discussions in the broader Christian world have raised questions regarding the existence and legitimacy of what has historically been called “just war.” In light of this, it is necessary to reaffirm clearly the teaching received within the Christian tradition.
From the earliest centuries, the Church has recognized that while war is always tragic and a consequence of the fallen state of mankind, it is not the case that all use of force is morally equivalent. The tradition, articulated by the Fathers and developed in theological clarity over time, affirms that under strict and grave conditions, the use of force in appropriate defense of the innocent and the restoration of order within the legitimate authority and proper scope of the relevant actors may be morally permissible. (See the Church's teaching on the Doctrine of Just Defence here.)
This teaching does not glorify war in and of itself, nor does it diminish its horror. On the contrary, it places severe moral limits upon it, insisting that even justified defense carries with it profound moral responsibility and spiritual consequence. The recognition that a war may be just in principle and therefore morally permissible as an act of defense does not render war in and of itself inherently good, nor does it remove the obligation of repentance, restraint, and the pursuit of peace. That is, war can be legitimate and just, but only as a tool for justice and good.
Therefore, it must be clearly stated: the concept of just defense, including what has historically been termed “just war,” remains part of the received moral teaching of the Church. To deny this entirely risks obscuring the essential moral distinction between defense and aggression, and may leave the innocent without moral recourse in the face of grave injustice.
At the same time, this doctrine must never be misused as a justification for violence undertaken lightly, preemptively without moral certainty, or for purposes of domination, expansion, or ideological ambition. The burden of proof for the just use of force remains extremely high.
The Church continues to call all nations and leaders to pursue peace, to exhaust every path of diplomacy, and to remember that even justified violence wounds the human family. The ultimate goal remains not victory, but reconciliation and the restoration of peace.
In all things, the faithful are reminded that they must act in accordance with conscience rightly formed, seeking justice without hatred and defense without losing sight of the dignity of every human person.
